Financial reporting of European banks: benchmark study 2025

As European banks move into 2025 amid renewed U.S. tariffs and heightened geopolitical tensions, is this calm before the storm? Throughout 2024, we observed a continued reduction in credit risk buffers, despite persistent macroeconomic pressures and geopolitical challenges. As we examine the year-end results of the region’s largest institutions, what do the figures reveal about how they manage expected credit losses (ECLs) in an increasingly unpredictable environment?

This report reviews 2024 year-end disclosures from 26 banks across 12 European countries, offering insights into the effects of financial disruption and global instability on ECL estimates. Now in its ninth edition, the study continues a series launched in 2020 to track the evolving response of European banks to emerging risks.

Key insights on expected credit losses 

The analysis centres on ECL developments, with key findings on: 

  • ECL charge impact of YE 2024 on the profit or loss and ECL allowances 
  • ECL allowances: changes in coverage ratios and allocation between stages 
  • Post-model adjustments/overlays 
  • Forward-looking information 

In the following, our Director Heike Hartenberger provides a contextualisation of the report for the German market:

Expected credit loss modelling and post-model adjustments (overlays) for new types of credit risk remain one main focus of our study, as these continue to be of great importance due to ever-new crises that can lead to structural changes. The current extremely rapid pace of political decisions and market reactions to them require ongoing review of credit risk assessments and macroeconomic scenarios. The combination of rising tariffs, supply chain disruption and geopolitical tension has introduced great uncertainty into the macroeconomic environment. In addition, in the reporting year of our study, insolvencies rose in Germany.

On 4 July 2024, the IASB published the project summary and feedback statement regarding “Post-implementation Review of IFRS 9—Impairment”, in which the IASB concluded that the impairment requirements are working as intended. However, uncertainty and new crises continue to present complex challenges for preparers in the further development of models and the determination of overlays.

 

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Financial reporting of European banks 2025 - Report

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